The Transformational Leadership Theory Of The Great...

Throughout our history on this earth, there have been many inspiring leaders to rise from the ashes of civilizations and wars, burning brightly and shaping a positive future for the sake of man kind. Winston Churchill was a staple leader in World War II for the British nation, Franklin Roosevelt helped America through it’s worst years during the great depression, and Martin Luther King Jr. was an iconic civil rights activist and leader to advance racial equality. All of the above were leaders, but each leader has their own distinct style in which they followed. That is relevant today, as each individual will have their own adaptation of certain leadership theories depending on their own traits and personalities. There are many different leadership styles to consider, but the transformational leadership theory resonates deeply for myself. The transformational leadership theories first arose late in the past millennium when existential factors caused different organizations to re-invent and establish themselves. Many of such attempts deemed to result in widespread failure, however; those who actually succeeded in transforming these structures received great attention for their efforts. Transformational leaders are individuals who possess an innate ability to create changes in the audience’s thinking, thereby, creating a shift in their behavior as well. It is a process in which the leader attends to the needs of their followers so that the interaction raises each to high levelsShow MoreRelatedThe Leadership Role Model Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr.1926 Words   |  8 PagesARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY W.P. CAREY SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MGT 440: LEADING ORGANIZATION GROUP CASE ANALYSIS- LEADERSHIP ROLE MODELS Submitted By : Cole Kennedy Andrew Nguyen Mia Harbaugh Keaton Aliabadi Maame Kwamah Otsieku Baah Submitted to: Professor Taylor Carr Date: September 5, 2017 1.0 Introduction This write-up focuses on the leadership role model analysis of Martin Luther King Jr. (MLK), Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR), and Mark Zuckerberg. Each of these leaders are extraordinary in theirRead More Leader Characteristics Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesLeader Characteristics Charismatic leadership is one of four subdivisions of the larger concept of transformational leadership (Bass, 1990). Charismatic leaders are self-confident, dominant, purposeful, articulate, influential, idealistic, and expressive. They have high energy levels, strong convictions, the ability to display empathy, and are risk takers (Bass, 1990). By stimulating ailing corporations, revitalizing aging bureaucracies or launching new enterprises (Howell and Avolio, 1995)Read MoreHistory of Management Thought Revision17812 Words   |  72 PagesPart Two The Scientific Management Era The purpose of Part Two is to begin with the work of Frederick W. Taylor and trace developments in management thought in Great Britain, Europe, Japan, and the U.S.A. up to about 1929. Taylor is the focal point, but we will see his followers as well as developments in personnel management and the behavioral sciences. Henri Fayol and Max Weber will be discussed, although their main influence came later, and we will conclude with an overview of the influenceRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesValues 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 OrganizationalRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesBusiness Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages3 THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS The Importance of Competent Managers 6 The Skills of Effective Managers 7 Essential Management Skills 8 What Are Management Skills? 9 Improving Management Skills 12 An Approach to Skill Development 13 Leadership and Management 16 Contents of the Book 18 Organization of the Book 19 Practice and Application 21 Diversity and Individual Differences 21 Summary 23 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 24 Diagnostic Survey and Exercises 24 Personal Assessment of Management

What was the cause of the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis

What was the cause of the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis? The Cuban missile crisis is considered the closest time the world has ever come to nuclear war. There are many causes that led the world to such confrontation that was ultimately the product of the hostility and secrecy between the nations. As the world sat on the brink of mass destruction, all hope lied with Nikita Khrushchev and President Kennedy coming to a compromise. It is because of this that it is worth analysing the true cause of the crisis, or if it was a culmination of causes. One of the causes was the US deploying missiles in Turkey to face the Soviet Union. It will be argued that the main reason was the invasion of the Bay of Pigs, that without this embarrassing disaster†¦show more content†¦With this in mind, once Cuba had turned communist, the US was worried that the idea of democracy would be undermined and seen as a weak ideology. It is argued that ideology is the evident reason that led to actions made by the US to create such conflict and hostility between the three nations, for example the Bay of Pigs invasion that in turn led to the Cuban Missile Crisis. There is evidence to suggest that Fidel Castro’s interest in Cuba’s economy was more important than ideology and was incredibly influential in the causes of the Cuban Missile Crisis. His interest in Cuba’s economy saw him decide to nationalise all American-owned companies, so that the money would be invested in Cuba by means of a national health system and major land reform. This was unsurprisingly not supported by America. This led to America ceasing all aid to Cuba and all imports of Cuban sugar which was Cuba’s main source of importation and this ultimately forced them to look to the Soviet Union for assistance. Arguably, America led Castro to become a communist state as Castro sought the help from the USSR. Before this, Castro had considered himself a socialist. America was incredibly concerned and fearful â€Å"that the Cuban Revolution might provide an example of alternative ways to develop under a difference social and economic system†(IBID, 147) and thus undermine democracy and prove socialism toShow MoreRelatedThe United States And The World From A Nuclear Holocaust1408 Words   |  6 PagesGarza E Period 21 March 2015 History Research Paper Step 5 – Rough Draft In the October of 1962, the world looked on at the Soviet Union and the United States as they partook in a head-to-head face off which could have potentially result in their immediate destruction. Before this event, no one had truly considered the potential damage nuclear weapons could cause, but only realized the consequences as war became a possible reality. During those crucial 13 days, John Kennedy and his administratorsRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Essay1292 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1962 nuclear war seemed inevitable to the world, it was the first time nuclear war was hanging on a thread. The Cuban Missile Crisis presented a threat to the world, in which the USSR planted nuclear missiles on Cuba. America’s response was to threaten launching nuclear missiles at the Russians. This incident launched the world into a new time, which presented nuclear weapons as a source of power. The incident of the Cuban Missile Crisis still connects with us today because the power nuclearRead MoreOn The Dawn Of October 16Th, 1962, Began A 13-Day Standoff1196 Words   |  5 PagesOn the dawn of October 16th, 1962, began a 13-day standoff that would be formally known to the western world as the Cuban Missile Crisis. Growing tensions between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) resulted in the closest the world has ever been to all-out nuclear war. This essay will talk about the initial weaponization of nuclear power, the events that led up to the missile crisis, the thirteen days the missile crisis took place and the measures taken to stop nuclearRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis : The Cold War1323 Words   |  6 Pagesrights and freedoms. Some wars cause dramatic amounts of deaths, but the Cold War resulted in none. The reason there were no deaths is due to the fact that the Cold War was just that, cold. The conflicts never heated up enough per say to cause a real war. Though the Cold war itself wasn’t a war fought in battle, there were parts caused by it such as the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Cuban Missile Crisis, all of which resulted in deaths. The Cuban Missile Crisis was a major factor in the Cold WarRead MoreOn The Dawn Of October 16Th 1962 Began A 13 Day Standoff1196 Words   |  5 PagesOn the dawn of October 16th 1962 began a 13 day standoff that would be formally known to the western world as the Cuban Missile Crisis. Growing tensions between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) resulted in the closest the world has ever been to all-out nuclear war. This essay will talk about the initial weaponization of nuclear power, the events that led up to the missile crisis, the thirteen days the missile crisis took place and the measures taken to stop nuclearRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis : A 13 Day Standoff1726 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis was a 13 day standoff in Cuba during the Cold War that struck fear into many American people. Joseph Roblat said, â€Å"The most terrifying moment in my life was October 1962, during the cuban missile crisis. I did not know all the facts - we have learned only recently how close we were to war - but I knew enough to make me tremble†. Missiles were in Cuba, in range of the U.S.. The world has never come so close to being in a full out Nuclear War. If the Soviets launched one ofRead MoreGroupthink1185 Words   |  5 PagesOn October 15, 1962, the United States viewed reconnaissance photographs of Cuba and discovered Soviet missiles which were under construction. The next day President John F. Kennedy was informed of the discovery and the President formed a group of twelve advisors to plan and handle the crisis. The advisors met for seven days to plan a strategy on how to handle the crisis and on October 22, 1962, President Kennedy revealed the crisis to the American public and of his decision to surround and blockadeRead MoreTo What Extent Was the Cuban Missile Crisis the Product of American Paranoia?1107 Words   |  5 PagesTo what extent was the Cuban Missile Crisis the product of American paranoia? Done By: Justine, Umi Amirah, Myraa (3DG/3DY) The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation between the United States, the USSR, and Cuba in October 1962, during the Cold War. The Cuban and Soviet governments placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. When her military intelligence discovered the weapons, America sought to do all it could to ensure the removal of the missiles. This incident became closest to a nuclear war.1Read MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Of 19621575 Words   |  7 Pagesor Soviets). During this period of time for both military and political conflict between the two countries, there was a short period of time that not only put these two nations on alert put the rest of the world of a potential nuclear war. This period of time would come to be known as the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, which occurred from 16 to 28 October of that year. This crisis was building up due to the failed operation of overthrowing Fidel Castro with the â€Å"Bay of Pigs† and staging offensiveRead MoreEvents Leading to the Cuban Missile Crisis1579 Words   |  6 PagesCuba, a country just south of the United States of America, was the center stage of events leading up to the Cuban Missile Crisis. Actions attempted by Presidents John F. Kennedy and Dwight D. Eisenhower prior to the crisis gave incentive to the Soviet Union and Cuba to agree to place missile installations in Cuba. The Cuban Missile Crisis was an incident that might have potentially led to a third world war because of the already heightened tensions between Cuba and the U.S. - but this time with

Assessment of Victim(s) Possible Injuries or Illnesses Free Essays

Going by what happened in the scenario that we were given, a lot of things can not be ruled out. It was said that the day was â€Å"hot and humid†. Apparently, the couple had been walking all day without a rest and has had their lunch without a drink. We will write a custom essay sample on Assessment of Victim(s) Possible Injuries or Illnesses or any similar topic only for you Order Now The man was definitely dehydrated due to the low level of water content in his body and the weather. Fatigue can not also be ruled out because of the stress that he has gone through without taking a rest. This most likely led to heat stroke because the man was reported to be â€Å"unresponsive† and that his skin feels â€Å"hot and dry†. In the case of the wife, her own illness is still in the preliminary stages, probably because her body system was more resistant than that of her husband. The husband’s throat must have been very dry, which might have led to his not being able to breathe properly. This must have led to his falling forward from his chair. Recommended First Aid Procedures to be implemented: The first thing that I will recommend is that the man should be made to lie down in a way whereby the head is lower than the body. After this, it is recommended that you put your hand into the man’s mouth in order to allow free airways. Then, one should administer the â€Å"ABC† method of resuscitation. If possible, try to give the man a mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and make sure the man is still lying down. Dip a piece of clothe into water and give the man a tepid sponging. In the case of the wife, give the woman water and make her sit down and be calm. Then try fanning the man and keep the place as airy as possible because of ventilation. How to cite Assessment of Victim(s) Possible Injuries or Illnesses, Papers

Public Health Burden of Obesity

Question: Whose Potbelly is it anyway? Answer: Introduction Obesity is a leading concern among different countries that is affecting a large mass of population in every nation. The various unhealthy lifestyles are found to be the main reason that leads to a large amount of weight gain and ultimately leading to an obese situation. Any person having a Body mass index of about 25 to 29.9 is said to be overweight and that above 30 is said to be obese (1). Obesity is a choice that is taken by an individual where the individual finds himself in a comfortable zone. Similarly, in many cases it has been seen that many obese people often fail to understand the risk that they are undertaking by allowing themselves in these conditions. A very important role is played by the society in this arena that one is pondering into. The society on many instances must take an active part in organizing workshops, which can deliver good deal of knowledge about healthy tips, as well as better living habits (2). However again, a massive question arises is that a person who himself knows that he or she is obese but laziness has made her comfortable with the situation would be affected by any steps taken by the society. So an argumentative representation can be established here that is whether an individual wants to accept with confidence that the sign of obesity that is his potbelly is the reason of his own unhealthy living or is the reason of the socio- eco nomic ways of living (3). In many cases it has been noted that excessive comfort of life and ill habits of different types like indoor playing of video games, television and all necessities of lives just a click away on internet are indeed the reasons of making a person addicted to comfortable life and making lives of people more dangerous (4). A large number of diseases are often associated with obesity such as coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, type II diabetes, and even cancer. However, a question arises that even if the society takes an active part in creating awareness about the various consequences will that anyway lead to a different attitude of a person going through the unhealthy lifestyle. In this area, one can easily ask a very simple argumentative question that what the society can exactly do to make changes in the lifestyle of the people if spreading awareness does not count. The society can never take steps as in cutting down the food limit to an obes e person after reaching a certain limit (5). They may also provide extra taxes to an obese person for eating a huge amount of food without maintain themselves. All these can only be stated because they can never be implemented in the society of a person due to legal, socio-economic, and ethical issues. Therefore the only way that an obese person may estimate the importance of the healthy living is mainly because for the safety of his own life and to make life a bliss. There are many instances where the individual is victimized of obesity that might occur due to various genetic factors (6). On that instance, the individual might have nothing to do other than rely on doctors medication. However, there are many instances where the individual himself chooses to live the unhealthy lifestyle for at that moment in life he feels his life to be safe and secured. He tends to forget the effects that may arise in the future due to his unhealthy habits resulting in a variety of adverse situation. Now society has very less role to play here for a person who himself chooses a life of insecurity and becomes vulnerable to uncertainty (7). Again, here rises an argumentative conclusion. Sometimes, it so happens that the society encourages a large number of risky activities or sports just based on severe entertainment. Many instances can be provided under such criterion such as mountaineering, bull fighting, river rafting, and many others. These are the risks taken b y people that provide entertainment for the viewers. In this case, the society itself sponsors in various ways to take enjoyment and fun from the entire risks. Then an obvious question can be raised here. In case of a person suffering from the abdominal obesity, he has various life risks that can lead to different types of hazardous impact on the life of the individual and might become the reason of his death. Then the concern becomes that why the society should have any problem in such instances when the individual is facing a risk with his life. This obviously raises a concern hat whether obesity is not an in thing that should not be liked by the society (8) In case of obese children, it happens such that since they do not have the maturity to design a healthy planning of the lives; parents and society seem to play a very big role. The children should however be warned by the society as well as that by the parents and schools of the harmful effects of obesity. They should be made known of the healthy ways that would prevent them from becoming obese. Keeping the activity of the society apart in this case, it is sometimes seen that parents forget their duties towards their children as they get blinded by their love and pamper them with food and activities that harm their lifestyles and leads to the development of bad habits that could not be changed easily when they grow up (9). Thereby, the parents should be made to understand that their very minute steps towards the healthy living of their wards could bestow a good future upon them. Similar such roles can also be expected from the society because the society can mould the living ways of young growing children for a better life and future (10). While describing the second topic of discussion of holding obesity as a very weak character, a lot of points can be brought to light that would give the entire scenario a new dimension. Often obese persons have been taken as a centre for entertainment. Irrespective of the qualities possessed by the obese people, they have been always neglected and their qualities have never been paid importance. An important question arises here and that is what exactly makes people decide about the habits that an obese person may have that might be positive. Through many centuries, obesity is always looked upon a matter of discussion, especially with a tint of negativity (11). Even in the present decade where world has moved quite fast, people ideas and behaviors toward obesity have not changed. In any workplace, be it an office or a school or anywhere, an obese person may easily become the centre of bullying or discussion that tends to do no good to the person or those engaged into the act. A perce ption has always been planted into every generation that obesity has to be looked down upon as a weak character and anyone living with that trait becomes an easy prey of criticism and judgment. All of the good qualities are never looked and praised and his potbelly becomes the comedian of the evening. In this case, society can play an important part. In place of making fun of the obese man in midst of the entire workplace one may look over the opportunities that may help to provide him with more confidence so that he can at least excel in the qualities that he posses (12). Social awareness should be discussed thereby making people understand that obesity is a reason of physiological effects over unhealthy habits and should never be mingled with characterization of the person. Another topic that also acquires attention is the social stigma that often makes life of an obese person quite difficult to put through. The distinction that is often made between the obese persons who are often referred as fat and the thin people is who are referred to as fit. This is a very confused situation to discuss as the social stigma that prevails often confuses about the definitions of obese, fat, thin and fit people (13). In discussing the terms of beauty and ugly, which are itself relative terms often the obese people are designated as ugly and the thin people are designated as beauty (14). However, this does not solve the entire confusion and in turn raises a bigger concern. If Thinner people are beauty then what could be designated for fit people. In order to shed some more light on the issue, one may easily discover the facts that from history the idea of beauty was always accompanied by the idea of perfectly curved out thin figures of women that describe the epitome o f love and jealousy. No instances can be seen where a person will fall in love or lust with an obese woman. Since times immemorial this ideas have been strongly built by humanity as well as society in deciding the worth of a human being in the society. However, in the light of science this can never be held true. There should be no doubt that obese persons are very unhealthy and often leads a life with habits that would be harmful for nature. However, this can never be linked with ugliness. An argumentative idea can be represented here to prove the point. Models nowadays on the verge of being thin have become anorexic but they are still not criticized. Here lies the social stigma. From here, we can understand that society never considers fitness as the prior concern. It only judges the capacity and quality of the person on the basis of the weight. Therefore, it is really a big question that does society really need to be concerned about the potbelly structure (that a person will pos sess) or a skinny or size zero structure (that a woman can possess) (15). In order to create awareness the social stigma must first be removed from the society. Thus, the society has indeed to start a revolution that would make the obese persons not a centre for laughs and judgment but they should be provided confidence that would help them to look back on themselves with importance and gain energy for changing themselves and to lead a better life. The last topic of discussion includes assessing the fact that whether obesity is often referred as a burden to the people of the society and even to the family members. An obese person having the habit of eating too much food often becomes a factor of pressure on the earning member of the family because the financial stability gets affected (16). Moreover, the space required for the obese people in workplace or in a public and private conveyance becomes a matter of irritation to the fellow passengers (17). Similar many other instances can also be provided that would make obese people look as a burden to the society. All these are only discussed from a particular point of view. The other view may be projected as is it would be a crime to consider extra food or space to be a major issue because if the person is able to provide extra food or extra space for himself financially, the society should never interfere in the decisions. It can never be considered that being obese is a social c rime as long as that does not interrupt others lives in a harmful way by invading personal freedom. As a result, a large number of arguments can be based on the fact that possessing of a potbelly would be an individuals own concern rather than making it a stigma by the society. The limit of the society should only remain as far as the obese persons consent is concerned (18). Thus, from the entire argumentative essay, one can understand the various ethical dilemmas that remains associated with the topic of obesity. It is indeed a very sensitive issue requires expert handling and suggestions by the society so that aesthetic values that are associated should be treated properly. For the proper spread of awareness, society should play an important role in taking decisions of the alterations that has to be brought in the social life of each people to make them understand the importance of healthy living (19). Society should take the different steps that would be helpful enough for awaking the obese people of the health hazards that can remain associated with the obesity issues but at the same time should not act as stigma or a norm providing negativity to these people. It should always be remembered that besides medication there is yet another important governing factor called support and zeal that can (20)hange the time and perspectives of a human goal and m ake life lovable and healthy at the same. References: Hunter W. Nature Nurture: The Causes of Obesity. Simon and Schuster; 2015 Feb 3. Janssen I. The public health burden of obesity in Canada. Canadian journal of diabetes. 2013 Apr 30;37(2):90-6. Jurdana M, Petelin A, Bizjak M?, Bizjak M, Jakus T, PraÃ… ¾nikar ZJ. The role of Physical activity and dietary habits in preventing obesity in adulthood. Annales Kinesiologiae. 2013 Dec 20;4(1) Ramos Salas X, Forhan M, Sharma AM. Diffusing obesity myths. Clinical obesity. 2014 Jun 1;4(3):189-96. Rtveladze K, Marsh T, Webber L, Kilpi F, Levy D, Conde W, McPherson K, Brown M. Health and economic burden of obesity in Brazil. PloS one. 2013 Jul 11;8(7):e68785. Sawhney A, Amir N, Mazhar M, Gullaiya S, Rajput SK. Childhood Obesity: Reason behind this health crisis. PharmaTutor. 2015 Mar 1;3(3):11-7. Sawhney A, Amir N, Mazhar M, Gullaiya S, Rajput SK. Childhood Obesity: Reason behind this health crisis. PharmaTutor. 2015 Mar 1;3(3):11-7. Sikorski C, Riedel C, Luppa M, Schulze B, Werner P, Knig HH, Riedel-Heller SG. Perception of overweight and obesity from different angles: a qualitative study. Scandinavian journal of public health. 2012 May 1;40(3):271-7. Taylor VH, Forhan M, Vigod SN, McIntyre RS, Morrison KM. The impact of obesity on quality of life. Best practice research Clinical endocrinology metabolism. 2013 Apr 30;27(2):139-46. Agarwal A, Chawla K. Exploration of the genetics of obesity with Dr. David Meyre. University of Toronto Medical Journal. 2014 Aug 1;91(1):12-5. Mathew B. Relationship between Television Viewing and Body Mass Index in School Children. International Journal of Nursing Education. 2014;6(2):51-5. Omar M, Yasin MM, Mokhtar H, Jitos J, Ab Halikun NA, Fisol NF, Yaacob SA. The Obesity Awareness and Perception Among Obese People. InProceedings of the International Colloquium on Sports Science, Exercise, Engineering and Technology 2014 (ICoSSEET 2014) 2014 (pp. 233-238). Springer Singapore. Puhl RM, Liu S. A national survey of public views about the classification of obesity as a disease. Obesity. 2015 Jun 1;23(6):1288-95. Cha E, Crowe JM, Braxter BJ, Jennings BM. Understanding How Overweight and Obese Emerging Adults Make Lifestyle Choices. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2016 Aug 3. Flint SW, Reale S. Obesity stigmatisation from obesity researchers. The Lancet. 2014 Nov 29;384(9958):1925-6. ten Have M. Ethical aspects of obesity prevention. Best Practice Research Clinical Gastroenterology. 2014 Apr 30;28(2):303-14. van Leeuwen F, Hunt DF, Park JH. Is Obesity Stigma Based on Perceptions of Appearance or Character? Theory, Evidence, and Directions for Further Study. Evolutionary Psychology. 2015 Sep 1;13(3):1474704915600565. Kuebler M, Yom-Tov E, Pelleg D, Puhl RM, Muennig P. When Overweight Is the Normal Weight: An Examination of Obesity Using a Social Media. Macedo TT, Portela PP, Palamira CS, Mussi FC. Obese peoples perception of their own bodies. Escola Anna Nery. 2015 Sep;19(3):505-10. Martn-Loeches M, Hernndez-Tamames JA, Martn A, Urrutia M. Beauty and ugliness in the bodies and faces of others: an fMRI study of person esthetic judgement. Neuroscience. 2014 Sep 26;277:486-97.

Protective Gear Equals Safety In The Nhl Essays - Protective Gear

Protective Gear Equals Safety In The Nhl PROTECTIVE GEAR EQUALS SAFETY IN THE NHL The NHL should force their players to wear protective gear. Three reasons why protective gear should be worn are: one, it would prevent physical injuries; two, the players would set a good example for the future generations; three, it would take away from the negative aspects of the game. Protective gear helps a somewhat violent game remain as clean as possible. Wearing protective gear would prevent physical injuries in hockey. There were many hockey players who have worked hard all of their lives to become professional hockey superstars and when they finally got to the NHL, they become injured and were forced to watch the game instead of playing in it. An example of this is Brett Lindros. At the age of sixteen, the New York Islanders drafted Brett in the first round of the entry draft. He played his first NHL game against the Buffalo Sabers when he was eighteen years old. One year later, on February ninth, his whole life came crashing down on him. His lifelong dream to win a Stanley Cup had come to an end. He was hit with a thundering bodycheck into the boards and was knocked unconscious. Soon it was discovered that Brett had a history of concussions that dated back to when he was sixteen years old. The collision forced him to retire at the age of nineteen and spend the rest of his life pondering what was now the fact that he would have to quit in order to live. What actually happened was, when he was hit against the boards, his head hit the glass and that impact forced him to collapse and fall to the ice. He was immediately taken to the emergency room and there the doctors said that they could not examine the severity of the injury so soon. The severity of a concussion depends strictly on how much force is applied to the head and whether it is a head-on or a glancing blow.1 The following week, doctors told him that he had to stop playing hockey because the concussion was very severe and there was no way that he could regain his health and play hockey. This gruesome injury could have been avoided if Brett was wearing an approved helmet. The helmet that he was wearing at the time of the injury had no foam on the inside. That foam helps absorb the impact of a blow to the head. If he had been wearing one, there would have been a huge chance that he could have left the ice with only a mild injury instead of a career ending one. Another example is Brian Berard. His whole career came to an end on March the eleventh when he was playing against the Ottawa Senators. Marian Hossa was taking a slapshot and Berard fell to the ice to block the shot. When the puck was shot, the end of Hossa's stick struck Berard in his eye. The blow caused a 20-millimeter cut across the eyeball, detached the retina, sliced off the lens, and caused other problems.2 Brian Berard is only twenty-two years old and is forced to finish his career because of his health. All of which could have been avoided if he had been wearing a visor on his helmet. If he had been wearing a visor, Hossa's stick would have just bounced off the plastic and Berard would still have blocked the shot. It's very sad to think of all the good people who have been injured whil e playing this very physical sport of hockey. It is even more heartbreaking to think about all of those whose injuries that could have been avoided if they had just had the proper protection. Brett's older brother Eric Lindros defines this best. There is no player more valuable to his team than Eric is to the Philadelphia Flyers. But on December fourteenth, his career came to a halt when he was hit with a painful elbow to his head. He was playing against the Florida Panthers when Alex Hicks elbowed him in his face. He got a ten- 1 Levy Allan, Sports Injury Handbook (Toronto: John Wiley &

What Ive Learned, and Earned, Using This Newsletter

What Ive Learned, and Earned, Using This Newsletter I have been subscribing to Hope Clark’s Funds for Writers newsletter for ten years. Initially, the listings overwhelmed me, because I hadn’t yet â€Å"turned pro† and only wrote when I felt like it. But here’s how I learned to use the FundsforWriters listings to structure my writing practice and eventually earn income as a professional writer: Competitions Not every contest is right for you – but every writing prompt is. The goal is not to write a perfect, submittable poem, short story, or essay. Instead, practice so your craft improves to the point of actually having a worthwhile submission one day. Years ago, a contest listing called for car essays. I used the prompt, wrote a terrible first draft in five minutes, and filed it away. Recently, a local publisher placed a call for car essays. I dusted off that draft and revised it for submission. That essay â€Å"My Ba Grants If you’re not an undergraduate journalism student, don’t apply for such a fellowship. Similarly, if you’re not interested in spending two months in a National Park cabin, don’t apply for that retreat. But every grant link is highly informative. You learn about the grant-giving organization, their requirements, and the nuts and bolts of an application packet. Information like this is valuable so that when the right opportunity comes along, you can recognize it. You can’t recognize the opportunity just In the past 12 months, I applied for three grants. Two applications were rejected, but one is under consideration. Wish me luck. Freelance Markets Often, aspiring freelancers mistake an idea for a pitch. A pitch requires three elements: idea, angle, and timeliness. Using the listings for freelance markets, challenge yourself to push past ideas and write a viable pitch. It’s hard to nail all three elements, but it is essential practice. In 2013, I saw a listing for The Writer magazine. I had an idea and fleshed out a pitch. It was the 10-year anniversary of the Tony Hillerman Writers Conference in Santa Fe. The conference is run Jobs Job ads are gold mines because they reflect the state of changing times. Most ads are straightforward, but if a particular writing skill is listed and I have no idea what they’re talking about, I start researching. In this way, the job ads have helped me to keep my skills relevant. At the start of this year, I clicked on an ad and landed a part-time assignment as an SEO writer consulting with the web designers. If I hadn’t taken the time to learn how to broaden the foundation of good writing to these new standards, I would have lost out on this steady writing income. Ads The sponsored ads in this newsletter promote services and events, offer discounts, and sometimes include a testimonial from Hope. But wait, spend money to earn money? Yes. Not only have I earned writing income through this newsletter, but I have also used the advertised services to make valuable investments in my career. For example, I contacted Shaila Abdullah through her House of Design ad (see below). She helped me build a website that truly reflects my spirit and is not some cookie-cutter template. I keep the site up-to-date with recent clips and it is an essential part of my daily pitching routine. Time may not permit you to practice on all of these listings in a given week. But if you are new to a writing career, studying the listings and practicing your writing can help you figure out the type of writing you want to do. On the other hand, if you are a seasoned writer and know exactly what you want, then you have great leads. Yet for all writers, practice always precedes publication. Where there is â€Å"Hope,† there is opportunity.

International trade theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International trade theory - Essay Example Economists beginning from the age of Adam Smith nevertheless, have vehemently refuted this theory and established the concept of comparative advantage which could arise only when the scope of international trade is open. Comparative advantage theory which is widely followed today states that factors of production are not available uniformly around the world. It is wise for a nation not to invest in producing all its needs; rather it could specialise in the production of the good which could be produced most efficiently and at the cheapest rates (Peng, 2008, p. 127). This is the innate strategy being followed by most successful nations in the world today. Hence, it could be claimed that mercantilism is a bankrupt theory that has no place in the modern world. Answer to Question 2 Free trade is an economic phenomenon which supports an unbarred flow of goods and services across international boundaries. Since there is no government intervention in this case, the actual demand and supply positions of the commodity in question is reflected through its market price. Since there are no mark ups to prices, such a policy is advantageous for the producers as well as consumers of the concerned commodity. However, government intervention could be regarded as necessary in case of certain exhaustible resources whose supply needs to be rationed to guarantee future consumption as well. Such a restriction cannot be imposed in situations where free trade exists. A good example is that of oil prices which had been at pretty low rates prior to 1971, when these values were guided by market mechanism. However, concerns about the precious resources being replenished compelled the World Trade Organisation to sanction its restrictive use. Answer to Question 3 There has been an increasing tendency among developed nations to assume a protectionist position in many aspects of international trade. Many of them who had previously sought the services of less developed or emerging nations to c ater to the needs of their residents, have turned dead against such a strategy, posing a view that such a mindset could hamper employment opportunities in the recipient nation. They have termed it as â€Å"unfair† import competition due to the potential loss of jobs that such practice is leading to. Such a standpoint however has differentiated impacts upon various sections of the recipient nation. (a) It might be of high interest for the union houses who often adopt practices to apparently pacify the workers and show them the former’s alignment to them. (b) The people who are represented by the unions might be benefitted if the national government adopts such policies, since in the short run, they would be rewarded with higher employment opportunities. (c) The nation however, is likely to land up in a worse situation since they have to subsidise the companies which adhered to such practices. Even if they decide not to fund their needs, they would be in an inferior posi tion given that the companies no longer reap as wide a profit margin as before which reduces the national income statistics. Answer to Question 4 A free-trade regime had been supported by Ricardian economic theory after David Ricardo pointed out the scope of comparative advantage that partner

Comparative esaay comparing three stories. Everyday Use,Rose for Essay

Comparative esaay comparing three stories. Everyday Use,Rose for Emily,Dead Mans Path. How each story shows progression - Essay Example In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, the Grierson house stands as a testament to a different era that has withstood the test of time. First, it stood as a monument, a breathing, living symbol of the Griersons’ wealth and power in their town. The looming structure sheltered Emily’s ancestors, her father and aunt, and lastly, herself. After her father’s death, it became a shield with which she drove away others from her, and she hid behind her shield so well that nobody had access to what was going on inside the house. And yet, as time passed, the house also became her prison. She was chained to the comfort and protection that her family’s house provided. Her faithful manservant became her only contact to the outside world, and even he was not fully aware of the developments in the town. Emily did not even know that the mayor who spared her family from taxes has been gone for a decade. It is this kind of sameness within her cocoon that made her retreat from th e world so effective. The house also contained her secrets, and hid them well. Nobody has ever set foot inside the house for so long, and this has added to that air of mystery that it embodied. Even when Emily opened her house to children who came to learn china painting, she did not reveal to them all of the hidden nooks and crannies of her abode. The house remained formidable, a stalwart witness to the passing of time. In the end, however, time was the only thing that remained, and upon Emily Grierson’s death, the house had to be opened up to enquiring neighbors. It was then that they finally discovered the secrets that the house harbored for a long time, and in a way, this became Emily’s posthumous salvation, for in the very end, they understood that she too experienced love for a man, and that she too, whom they previously thought was above them, was very human and was not after all alien to the willful demands of passionate love. The house then became a symbol of Emily’s emancipation and liberation, and of how, when it finally opened up to the outside world, it had withstood the progression of time. A similar symbol of liberation can be found in â€Å"Everyday Use.† The quilt, which was handed down from generation to generation, represented Maggie and Dee’s family heritage and identity, and the richness of their family’s history. The significance of the title lies in the way that the quilt brought out the fundamental differences between Maggie and Dee. Each saw the quilt quite differently: Dee thought that the quilt was good to hang in the wall and to be preserved, given that she has learned, through her progression to being cultured and educated, that the quilt must be handled with care. Maggie – and her mother – on the other hand saw the quilt as a source of comfort and connection to their older generations, and as such, must be kept closer to heart and be used daily for the very purpose that it wa s intended. The way they viewed the quilt represented the fundamental difference between their characters. The conversation revolving around Dee’s name change also revealed the kind of relationship that Dee had with her family. It can be inferred that Dee was not aware that she was not named after white people, but rather, that her name was a derivative from their ancestors. It was this kind of not-knowing, of ignorance of their family

Sport Policy, Politics and Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sport Policy, Politics and Ethics - Assignment Example 44). Due to the importance of sport and benefits accruing from it, there are policies that have been developed at country, regional, and international level to provide framework in which sporting activities can take place. Policies are aimed at enhancing physical activity and participation in sport. However, it should be noted that policies of sport are highly influenced by sporting dynamics and shifting instruments and priorities of respective governments. Policy for sport is also aimed at promoting the interests of sport at local, sub-regional, regional, and international levels. Besides, development of sport policy has been informed by the realization that sport can be used as a means of delivering a wide range of policy aspirations such as local economic viability and health improvement among others (Bloyce and Smith, 2009, p. 101). Implementation of policy by for sport by governments is faced with various challenges and barriers. Implementation of sport policy is often faced with barriers and challenges just like are the case with implementation of policy in other respects. One of the main challenges is declining participation among the population in sport. Studies show that participation in sport has been declining significantly in most countries despite its importance (Bodin and SempeÃŒ , 2011, p. 60). Particularly, it has been noted that the participation of those aged over 15 years has dropped dramatically in recent years. Experts argue that this challenge in implementation of sport policy can be attributed to the fact that physical activities in the population has been declining especially after children have attained 12 years of age. The increased number of population suffering from obesity and overweight is a proof that physical activity has been declining. In addition, implementation of policy for spo rt has been faced with various barriers to access; that is, there are barriers

An Environmental Analysis Of Russia Economics Essay

An Environmental Analysis Of Russia Economics Essay In Russia by 2010 Despite a projected decline in population of 10 million. Middle class is rising and it reached 4 million adult and children. .this population influenced by western taste therefore their demand is premium,higher quality and increased convenience from the retail sector.therefore food industry has storng need to fullfill this demand by introducing veriety of higher quality innovative products(such as healthy snacks and healthy juice drinks) Market It is estimated that Russian grocery market will reach $186 Billion USD by 2010 which will be good for WBDs future in the juice and dairy market . In city centres especially, supermarkets are also selling foods.So that by 2010, 45% of it will be sold there as compared to 28% in 2006 . According to these figures the future of totally depends upon supermarkets and strategic customers Globalisation Now a days whole world is globle village. With an increase in globalisation, there is decrease in unemployment and resultly increases in disposable income; the Russian consumer market is very attractive for global players. In recent years, Wal-Mart, Marks and Spencer, and other Global retail chains have started their businesses in Russia, however,only 6 are International food retailers and 25 are currently. Dangers If we look at future there are a number of areas of concern for WBD. Politically, Russia continues to be uncertain, volatile and governmentally restrictive . Corruption is also an ongoing limitation for organisations . According to SWOT analysis present threat for WBD is that if it expend widely, then it will be more chances to corruption and political influence. External Factors Political In recent years, Russia has been undergoing a substantial political transformation from communist party rule and a centrally controlled economy to a pluralist democracy and a market oriented economy. The Russian political system is vulnerable to the populations dissatisfaction with reform, as well as to social and ethnic unrest. Russian politics will see increasing authoritarianism and statism in economic policy. Corruption at all levels of society will present considerable constraints to economic development. Increasing statism in economic policy is hindering growth. The slow pace of institutional change (and other factors) will lead to decreasing of growth economy. Over regulation, uncertainty and corruption remain serious problems. War with Chechnya; bomb attacks from Chechen militants in Moscow and other cities Economic Despite the political influences the Russian economy will continue to stabilise, and the GDP is expected to rise annually. Steady growth in house hold income and the increase in spending power of middle class will have a positive impact on the economy. Western companies are investing in the markets like Russia will boost the economic conditions. Russian consumer market continues to grow, helped by decreasing inflation and consistent growth in GDP, as well as rising personal and disposable income levels, declining unemployment and developing western life-styles. Russia has experienced acute financial and economic distress. The Russian economy has been characterized by declining industrial production, significant inflation, rising unemployment, and an unstable currency, Economic factors also include high government debt relative to gross domestic product, high levels of inter-company debt and high levels of corporate insolvency. Driving away from resource-driven export economy towards domestic demand for goods and services. Social The population of the Russia is decreasing day by day due to the increase in number of diseases and act of violences in the country. The government has set strict the rules regulations for the immigration. The political and economic changes in Russia in recent years have resulted in substantial social issues, including crime, labour and social unrest, and claims of official corruption. This segment has a taste for westernised affluence, so is demanding higher quality, premium, healthy products and increased convenience from the retail sector. There is a strong need for organisations to address this demand by supplying more innovative products of higher quality to the market (such as premium-range yogurts and healthy snacks). Russia is a huge consumer market with a population of 142 million. Urban Russia accounts for 73% of the total population, containing 85% of all purchasing power. The Russian grocery market is highly fragmented and there is no retailer covering or dominating the whole country. The top 25 retailers, out of which there are currently only 6 international players reached a combined market share in a population that is becoming more affluent and a middle class that is growing steadily, consumers will increasingly equate high prices with high quality Legal The Russian legal system is characterized by Inconsistencies between and among laws, Presidential decrees, and Russian governmental, ministerial and local orders, decisions, and resolutions and other acts; Conflicting local, regional and federal rules and regulations. The lack of judicial and administrative guidance on interpreting legislation. The relative inexperience of judges and courts in interpreting legislation. A high degree of discretion. Land in Russia is also taxed by the local authorities, and prices have risen dramatically over the last few years. Technological Main communications across Russia are by air and rail. Road system not well developed. Nearly 1Mn km of roadways. Retail market has developed faster than the infrastructure needed to support it, meaning that delivery reliability is poor. Low level of technology and time-worn operational methods. Environmental Wide natural resource base oil, gas, coal Agricultural pollution, soil contamination from chemicals, radioactive contamination, groundwater contamination from toxic waste, abandoned stocks of obsolete pesticides. Much of country lacks proper soils and climates (either too cold or too dry) for agriculture. Government has illicit crop eradication programme. Growth in Bio-fuel crops is placing pressure on arable land for food production.

Custom Written Term Papers: Othello Is a Tragedy of Fortune

Othello Is a Tragedy of Fortune  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello we find a tragedy of fortune, in which the Moor falls from a great height into dishonor and disgrace. Let us dwell upon this theme in this essay.    H. S. Wilson in his book of literary criticism, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, discusses the misfortunes in the play and the hero’s attitude:    But if a man is betrayed into destroying what he loves most, if he ruins himself through his own folly without understanding what he is doing or being able to help himself, and then is forced to look at just what he has done and acknowledge his fault, his misfortune is harder than most. There is nothing necessarily tragic about the misfortune itself, hard though it is. Terrible misfortunes happen to   people every day. We read about them in the newspaper, and turn over the page. The tragic quality lies not in the happening alone, but chiefly in the human attitude to it. (60)    In her book, Everybody’s Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies, Maynard Mack comments on the heroine’s final song, a song of fortune:    The most moving retrospectives come later. Desdemona, preparing for bed on the night that will be her last, remembers her mother’s maid â€Å"called Barbary†:    She was in love, and he she loved proved mad And did forsake her. She had a song of â€Å"Willow;† An old thing ‘twas; but it expressed her fortune, And she died singing it. That song to-night Will not go from my mind. (4.3.25)    Here time present, in which Desdemona speaks and sings, and time future, in which we know she (like Barbary) is to die from an absolute fidelity to her intuition of what love is and means, recede... ... Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Gardner, Helen. â€Å"Othello: A Tragedy of Beauty and Fortune.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from â€Å"The Noble Moor.† British Academy Lectures, no. 9, 1955.    Jorgensen, Paul A. William Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1985.    Mack, Maynard. Everybody’s Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1957.

Big Skinny

In 2010, Big Skinny CEO Kiril Alexandrov was looking to transcend from retail distribution and print advertising to the world of online marketing to achieve maximum growth. The retail sales pitch was an easy one, as Alexandrov focused on the value of the wallet and the impulsiveness of consumers (Benjamin & Kominers, 2012). Unfortunately, translating this type of sales pitch was much harder to do in the world of cyberspace. Big Skinny centered their online marketing efforts around display Ads, keyword searches, social media and relationships with online distributors and deep discounted sites such as Amazon and Groupon respectively.The expansion caused much hardship, as Big Skinny received negative feedback on the review website Yelp that stemmed from their Groupon experiment. They also faced a glitch in their online promotion that allowed 4,000 people to order free wallets from their online store. Big Skinny needs to refocus their online marketing strategy by getting rid of display A ds, refining keyword searches and severing ties with deep discounted sites. Big Skinny can create value for their product and manage their orders better by being more selective with who distributes their product and by keeping the price steady.A more seasonal approach surrounding keyword searches can create new revenue from those who are looking to make quick and impulsive purchases. Lastly, by being responsible for who distributes their products, Big Skinny can deliver their product in prompt and timely manner, which will resolve the majority of customer complaints against Big Skinny. Problem Statement Despite successful in-person sales campaigns, Big Skinny struggled to find an effective online marketing platform that would grow and connect them to their consumer base.Big Skinny also ran into glitches with their current online marketing campaigns that brought unwanted negative attention and resentment towards the company. Data Analysis When Big Skinny transcended into the world of online marketing, it had to develop a way to attract visitors to the website while attempting to convince these visitors to buy wallets. Since most of their wallets were being sold at trade shows or retail stores that centered on a straight-forward approach regarding impulse and value, the translation of this strategy to the internet proved to be a tall task.Big Skinny looked at various means of advertising such as display ads, algorithmic search, sponsored search, A/B Testing and social media. Display ads offered a two-frame animation; however, the click-through rate of general display ads in 2009 was only . 1% (Bejamin & Kominers, 2012). Algorithmic searches use algorithms that the search engine deems most relevant to the user’s query. The websites that most resemble the query appear the highest on the search engine’s list. Sponsored searches use keywords that the advertisers specify that they want to target.These are mostly sold on a â€Å"per-click† basis; however the company loses money if the clicks aren’t converted into sales. A/B testing is a marketing technique that shows different advertisements to different users to compare the response rates between the two. Lastly, social media utilizes websites such as Facebook and Twitter to try and create an interactive relationship with consumers. Alternatives 1. Big Skinny could eliminate their means of online distribution and paid online marketing, only utilizing social media and their website to conduct advertising and business transactions. 2.Big Skinny could be more selective in their selection of online distribution, while tailoring their paid sponsored searches to generate interest and sales. 3. Big Skinny could scrap their online marketing plans, with the exception of social media, and reallot their advertising money strictly on deep discounted sites like Groupon and Living Social. 4. Big Skinny could focus their efforts on expanding in more brick and mortar retail stores b y target marketing towards different demographics. They could use traditional media such as TV and radio to drive these efforts. Key Decision Criteria 1.Increase customer satisfaction and corporate image 2. Increase sales and market share 3. Improve (or at least maintain) profitability 4. Ease or speed of implantation 5. Be consistent with corporate mission or strategy 6. Within our present resources or capabilities 7. Within acceptable risk parameters 8. Minimize environmental impact 9. Maintain and build employee morale and pride Alternatives Analysis 1. By limiting their online marketing to free social media sites such as Twitter or Facebook, Big Skinny can greatly reduce their marketing costs. With display advertisements only getting clicked through .1% of the time the money is essentially thrown away. Investing in A/B testing requires the hiring of a permanent person and huge overhead. Getting rid of online distributors allows Big Skinny to eliminate the 7-15% commission they p ay to Amazon and eBay while being able to manage their order load. Social Media is more than enough because 71% of social media participants say they are more likely to purchase from a brand they follow online. 91% of local searchers say they use Facebook to find local businesses online (Bennett, 2013). The cons of this are that they are missing out on a lot of potential customers by eliminating Amazon and eBay.While online paid marketing can be expensive, there is still benefit to sponsored searches. Some of the cost per conversions are profitable and by completely eliminating these searches would be throwing away potential opportunities. 2. The pros of Big Skinny being more selective with their online distributors allows for a happy customer base. There have been several negative reviews on the Yelp site regarding slow delivery and non-existent customer service. By eliminating deep discounting sites such as Groupon, Big Skinny can manage their order load and keep customers happy.B ig Skinny would also keep the revenue from the top paid sponsored searches rather than eliminating them all together. The negatives of this are that Big Skinny could miss out on a lot of revenue by not using Groupon or Living Social. They could also miss out on the repeat customers that are generated by these sites as well as missing out on the people who want to try their product without having to pay full price. 3. Instead of eliminating sites like Groupon and Living Social, Big Skinny could embrace the huge influx of customers that it brings.According to the customer satisfaction and analytics company ForeSee, 91% of customers have already or plan to conduct business with the merchant since buying the deal (Bedigian, 2013). This strategy generates a large influx of customers in a short time while attempting to generate residual income by repeat customers. The cons of this are that company’s often lose money during the initial Groupon. The product is discounted by 50% or mo re and then Groupon takes a 50% commission on the sale price, which leaves the seller receiving only 25%of the original selling price of the item (which in some cases is less than the cost of the item). Forbes has found that 1/3rd of businesses have lost money on a Groupon deal and there is no guarantee that the customers ever return to pay full price from the merchant again (Gleeson, 2012). 4. The pros of using a more traditional advertising medium such as TV or radio would bring brand recognition for Big Skinny. Big Skinny has always had success selling in retail stores because they market their products based on value and impulse.By putting the product in more retail stores, there is a greater chance people will put it in their hands and buy on impulse. Instead of targeting just one big audience, Big Skinny should advertise by target market such as Big Skinny Sport or Big Skinny Women. By doing this they could partner with big retail chains to get into more stores and generate mo re revenue the old fashioned way. The average time an American spends watching TV is 5 hours compared to just 1 hour browsing the internet, which leads for greater exposure.The cons of doing this are that TV advertising is much more expensive than online marketing (Nielsen, 1997). Another con is Tivo allows people to record their favorite shows and then fast-forward past the commercials. The last con is that TV advertising seems to be a thing of the past, as the amount spent on TV advertising was only up 4. 5% in 2011 as compared to 21. 7% via online marketing (Gleeson, 2012). Recommendations Based on the data, it is best for Big Skinny to be more selective of their online distribution, while tailoring their paid sponsored searches to generate interest and sales.In regards to online distribution, Big Skinny should keep eBay and Amazon, however, should drop deep-discount sites such as Groupon or Living Social. To offer a Groupon deal, Big Skinny is guaranteed to be taking a loss. To be eligible to offer a Groupon, Big Skinny must discount the price of their wallet by at least 50%. This turns a $20 wallet into a $10 wallet. Groupon takes a commission of 50% on the sale price, which leaves Big Skinny walking away with only $5 for every wallet sold (Bice, 2012). Essentially, they are taking a loss with every wallet they sell on Groupon.The goal of a Groupon is to try and get repeat customers; however, the people that use Groupon are bargain-hunters. They won’t return to Big Skinny, but rather, they will return to Groupon again looking for another bargain deal. By using Groupon, Big Skinny also decreases the value of their brand (Gibbard, 2011). Why would a customer pay full price for a $40 wallet when they just bought it on Groupon for $15 or $20 just a short time ago? In addition to dropping Groupon, Big Skinny needs to manage their online distribution better because of customer satisfaction issues.On the review site Yelp, Big Skinny’s wallets are o nly receiving a rating of 2. 5 out of 5 stars. A lot of the reviews include gripes about not receiving their order for 3-4 weeks or non-existent customer service (most of the negative reviews are from users who bought a Big Skinny wallet on Groupon). If the online distributor doesn’t ship your product in a timely manner, your company risks a tarnished reputation. Whether Big Skinny didn’t have enough stock to fulfill orders or whether Groupon didn’t ship the products in a timely manner, Big Skinny is taking the fall and abuse from customers.When people do research for a product they are going to see Big Skinny’s products with poor ratings. These poor ratings can scare potential customers away. Big Skinny should only use Amazon, eBay and their website to sell their wallets. This allows them to manage their inventory, not get behind on orders and make sure their product gets shipped in a timely manner. Big Skinny has excellent Amazon ratings and should cont inue to grow their product through the sterling reputation of Amazon. They should sell the product for a higher price on their website so that people are encouraged to buy through Amazon.This is a win-win for Big Skinny because if people buy through Amazon then Big Skinny doesn’t have to waste time and effort fulfilling and shipping orders. If they choose to buy direct than Big Skinny receives a larger profit on their wallets. Lastly, Big Skinny needs to tailor their sponsored keyword searches. They need to eliminate the term â€Å"leather wallet. † They don’t manufacture a true leather wallet and the cost per conversion for this keyword is a sky-high $20. 26. Big Skinny should also bid less for the term â€Å"thinnest wallet. † The cost per conversion for â€Å"thinnest wallet† also has a high cost, which is $10.53.After replacing leather wallet and lowering the bid for thinnest wallet, Big Skinny should add keywords centered on holidays. Wallets are popular gifts on occasions such as Father’s Day and Christmas. Big Skinny should add season keywords such as â€Å"Father’s Day Wallet,† â€Å"Wallet for Dad,† â€Å"Best Wallet for Gift† and â€Å"Wallet for Christmas. † This will bring seasonal shoppers into the mix who are looking to spend quickly and impulsively. Action and Implementation Plan CEO Kiril Alexandrov will be responsible for delegating the following tasks.The Director of Marketing will pull any promotions or future plans with deep discounted sites such as Groupon or Living Social. The Director of Marketing in combination with the Director of Product Management will reach out to all of those who left negative reviews on Yelp to satisfy the customer complaints and retract the negative ratings. The Director of Sales will carefully select the online distribution channels which Big Skinny will sell through. Big Skinny will only sell through Amazon, eBay and any online outlets of the retail stores that they are currently featured in.The Director of Sales will also raise the prices of wallets on the Big Skinny Website by 10-15% to create value for the product and promote customers to purchase through the select online distribution. Doing this saves Big Skinny the time it would take to fulfill and pack orders, however, if a customer decides to purchase direct, then Big Skinny recoups the 10-15% it would pay Amazon or eBay to sell and fulfill the order. This new price point will be conveyed in a message from the Director of Sales to Big Skinny’s distribution channel.

Exam is Not Everything Consideration Essay

Exam is Not Everything Consideration Essay Exam is Not Everything Consideration Essay Sample Exam is Not Everything Consideration Essay Sample From the time immemorial, exams have been used as the main way of assessment. Exams have turned out to be an important segment of human lives. Since I was in the junior school, I have been taking exams. The same case has happened to anyone who has been in the school system. Since exams have been a part of our lives in almost all instances, people have developed a strong mentality that the only way to succeed in life is by passing exams. This mentality has developed in people’s mindsets and since every person wants to succeed in life, they fear exams and take them seriously. The most amazing thing is that the same mentality has developed in the society. Individuals who pass exams are seen as successful, while those who fail are encouraged to work hard. Seriousness that people have during exams raises more rhetoric than answers. I tend to question whether exams measure what they are meant to measure. This kind of thinking provokes me to think otherwise. I argue that exams do not measure what they are intended to measure. I find gaps in the way exams assess individual abilities and skills. I also blame exams as a key contributor to challenges that we have today. There are people who have useful skills, but they cannot be captured by exams and, thus, such skills get wasted (Little). Exams and Alternative Method of Assessment In this paper, I shall extensively argue on proposition that exams should be replaced with an alternative method of assessment. Firstly, I do not believe that exams measure what they are meant to measure. They do not achieve their intended goals. Real intentions of exams are to help a teacher and a student to achieve certain objectives. Exams allow the teacher to assess what students have learned. Such kind of information is very helpful to the teacher since the teacher will realize weak areas that need to be revised. The teacher will be able to engage students and identify the best ways of covering certain areas. If this is done, learning will be exciting and it will remain quality-oriented. Unfortunately, this does not happen. On the one hand, teachers focus on administering exams just because it is mandatory. They never take exams as a way of assessing weak areas so that they can assist students to improve them. If students fail exams, teachers conclude that students are foolish or they never take their class work seriously. The whole issue is forgotten and the teacher continues with the syllabus. Students have no chance to prove their abilities (Morris). Students, on the other hand, end up discouraged since they believe that they are failures. From the above perspective, it can be argued that exams are not beneficial to students or teachers. The same proves the argument that exams should be replaced with alternative methods of assessments. It also proves that exams do not measure what they are intended to measure. Exams are just a cause of trauma to students. I tend to argue that teachers do not even care what they test. They are out to ensure that they have something that they can make grades from. They do not care whether what they test is helpful to students so long as it is an exam (Gnad). Secondly, I totally agree with the notion that exams are a way of assessing student’s performance. However, the question of how accurate exams can evaluate students in terms of their ability and intelligence makes me believe that exams should not be used as a way of assessment. I tend to concur with Albert Einstein’s argument that everyone is a genius and individuals should not be judged using only one method since it may discourage them. In relation to the above case, I argue that we should not judge students’ abilities by exams only. If exams are used as the only way of assessment, it will be impossible to capture abilities and skills that students possess. Their real potential and ability would remain unrealized. Moreover, exams tend to pose a very wrong assumption. Exams assume that a single method can be used in assessing students accurately. Such an assumption is very incorrect. Student population presents a lot of diversities. Students possess different le arning styles; however, exams are inefficient in capturing differences in learning and it calls for different ways of assessing their abilities and potential. The same argument poses another critical question. If teachers clearly understand that students have a lot of differences and they cannot be assessed in the same way, why are exams still used as a way of assessing students’ potential and ability? The same argument justifies the reason there should be different methods of assessing potential of students (Dowling). Thirdly, I believe that exams should be replaced with an alternative method of assessment because exams are more of a mind game than assessment. Exams are aimed at testing whether students can easily recall what has been taught in class. While some students require a lot of time to study and understand, some will read a textbook the day before the exam and pass it, while others who cannot do that fail. Moreover, some students may perform poorly in exams, but they can easily demonstrate what they have learned through presentations and applications (Gnad). However, such capabilities are not captured in exams and such students end up failing. It is thus right to state that exams do not measure individual ability and skills, but rather they test the ability to recall. In the end, a student with the strongest ability to recall and memorize is classified as intelligent. From the above revelations, exams are a way of gambling and it does not test the ability of an individual nor skills that one has. In addition, exams have resulted in a scenario where there are many people who can pass exams, but they cannot be able to translate their learned skills into practice. The same calls for the need of having an alternative way of assessing abilities of students in a more comprehensive way (Dowling). Exams are highly susceptible to teaching. Despite strict penalties that exist, it is eminent that exams are still susceptible to cheating. Students can easily sneak exam materials and cheat in exams. Furthermore, some teachers can easily provide their favored students with questions that appear in exams. The same proves that exams are susceptible to cheating. When such a scenario happens, some students end up having the upper hand and they acquire merit that they do not deserve. Furthermore, computer systems that store exam results before release are also vulnerable to hacking. Such a scenario calls for an alternative method of assessing students. A method that is not susceptible to cheating or hacking need to be put in place (Morris) Exams shift mentality of a student from seeking knowledge to seeking grade. Students do not bother to add more knowledge that is not in the syllabus since they believe that it is useless. Their main intention is to obtain a good grade and not to attain new knowledge. This form of mentality hinders creativity and exploration of new knowledge. It is unfortunate that teachers only encourage students to read past papers so that they can master questions that will appear in exams, but they do not encourage them to get additional knowledge on the topic. This form of mentality is against the main goals of education. Exams only tie up the mind of students to certain principles that are unclear instead of setting them free so that they can explore new knowledge (Gnad). Furthermore, although exams are marked using the same standards, it remains eminent that different examiners may grade the same paper differently. Cases of favoritism are also evident in exams. Students can also coerce teachers to change their marks. These kinds of inefficiencies prove that exams do not measure what they are meant to measure. While I do not advocate for a system that is totally perfect, I believe that inefficiencies presented by exams as a way of an assessment prove that the method is very ineffective. The method needs to be replaced with an alternative method that can capture various aspects in a more comprehensive way (Morris). From the various arguments presented above, it is undisputable that exams need to be replaced with another alternative method of assessing students. Inefficiencies revealed by exams prove that exams cannot assess students fairly. Inconsistencies and inefficiencies prove that exams do not measure what they are intended to measure. End results are students who cannot apply what they have learned in class, but they can pass exams. These students will be irrelevant in the job market since they cannot apply theoretical skills (Little). Nevertheless, opponents paint a different scenario Firstly, they argue that different variables such as intelligence and competence cannot be measured accurately by any method since they are not straightforward. As a result, there is a need for a formal system that will help in measuring such variables so that the education system can remain relevant. There is a need of accessing differences that exist in the levels of knowledge as well as experience. Opponents strongly argue that there is no other method that can test students in an impartial manner like exams. Exams have clear and measurable outcomes and, thus, they are not vague. For this reason, exams should not be replaced with alternative methods of assessing students (Dowling). Secondly, opponents argue that exams are still relevant. They argue that proponents do not appreciate the fact that exams are better off than the lack of any test. According to opponents, although exams are not perfect, they help to some extent. Opponents agree that cheating prevails in exams, but they also reiterate that exams do not cheat. They pose a strong argument that these are prevailing conditions that allow cheating, but the exam does not cheat. Opponents argue that individuals should focus on ways of improving existing conditions so as to ensure that cheating does not prevail instead of doing away with exams. Opponents challenge proponents to accept the hard reality that there is no alternative method that can be perfect and, thus, the focus should be on improving on exams (Morris). In addition, opponents challenge proposed alternatives such as discussions and group works as ways of assessing students. They discredit such alternatives by arguing that cheating also prevails in such methods. Students are more likely to copy from other students in a group work than when they are in the exam since there is supervision. Moreover, group works can promote laziness in one way or the other. Students can take advantage of hard working students and they fail to do their work since they know that they will be graded as a group and they will get equal marks. In case of exams, they are very specific. They gauge individual capacity and, thus, it is possible to get more accurate results than when people are assessed as a group (Dowling). Opponents also believe that exams provide an excellent way of measuring understanding and knowledge. In addition, exams measure the ability of an individual to express him or herself. What an individual writes in an exam is a clear indication of what an individual has learned. If there were no exams, individuals would not even bother working hard since they would hold an assumption that they know everything while that may not be true. Opponents challenge proponents to recognize that without exams education system will be irrelevant (Gnad). In conclusion, I believe that exams should be replaced with an alternative method of assessment. Exams do not provide a fair playing ground. They do not recognize diversity among students. Teachers do not focus on ensuring that exams are useful to students, but they only administer them since they are mandatory. Cheating is prevalent in exams and, thus, the main aim of exams is undermined. It is unfortunate that exams produce students who cannot apply theoretical skills into practice. Students always read so that they can excel in their exams, but they never seek knowledge.

Critical reflection on waste management class project The WritePass Journal

Critical reflection on waste management class project Executive summary Critical reflection on waste management class project ), and the other is from the Higher Education Funding Council for England’s (HEFCE) requirements to reduce carbon emissions, which are derived from waste (HEFCE, 2010).   These two factors have meant that universities across the United Kingdom have had to seek to reduce the amount of waste that they dispose of to landfill sites. This project has been undertaken to seek to investigate the ways through which bio-waste, which is derived from food sources may be reduced.   To this end, my mission is to introduce a waste management system for food disposal, with the aim of lowering the Universitys carbon emissions. This essay focuses on the cost of composting in relation to landfill sites.   These shall be examined from three different perspectives, which are derived from environmental, social and economic considerations.   Each of these shall be discussed and examined to seek to critically evaluate the options, which may be available to seek to redress the aforementioned issues. 1.Introduction This project seeks to ascertain which options are most suitable to seek to reduce food waste, which is produced from a university site being sent to landfill. There are three main factors, which need to be considered in order to ensure that, this viable.   The first of these are the economic considerations, the second are the environmental benefits, which may be derived from this, and the third are the social advantages to disposing of food waste.   Each of these options shall be discussed and critically evaluated in turn.   However, before this analysis is undertaken, a brief background to the reasons why this is so important shall be presented. Food waste is an intrinsic part of the economy. It is, in effect, a result of economic activity produced by businesses, government and homes. The management of food waste has economic implications (DEFRA, 2012). A green economy is underpinned by maximal economic value and growth coupled with sustainable management of all natural assets (DEFRA, 2011). The Government’s ‘Review of Waste Policy 2011’ aimed to deliver a ‘zero waste economy’. Over the last decade, significant advances were made to reduce the quantity of food-waste transport to landfill sites and increase the rate of more environmentally friendly methods (DEFRA, 2012). Reducing bio-waste is an important target of the UK government. The ‘Waste Strategy 2007’ for England identifies food waste as a key aim, thereby reducing landfills for local authorities. The ‘Waste Emissions Trading Act’, ‘Landfill Allowance Schemes’ and the ‘EC Landfill Directive’ include key objectives that encourage local authorities to utilise environmentally friendly means of processing food waste or face financial penalties (WRAP, 2009). In line with each of these targets in April 2010, HEFCE announced that it expected all universities to have a carbon management plan in place by December 2010.   This was to include how universities would seek to reduce their carbon emissions from all sources (including Scope 3 emissions included all sources of waste, which may arise from universities).   Therefore, since this time many UK universities have sought to find ways through which they may reduce the waste, which they send to landfill sites (HEFCE, 2010). In line with each of the requirements which have been highlighted above, my mission is to introduce a waste management system for food disposal.   Therefore, the aim of this project is to seek to lower the Universitys carbon emissions, which may arse through the disposal of food waste to landfill sites (see the poster and learning log). The objectives of my project are to: Create an operation that allows us to process food waste into compost whilst maintaining green principles Increase the involvement of staff and students, creating an awareness of the importance of implementing a food waste system Implement a well maintained operation that manages food waste sustainably This essay will focus on the cost of composting in relation to landfill sites, which can be placed into three categories: environmental, social and economic. 2. Environmental costs Food waste provides a feeding ground for rodents and insects, harbouring diseases and parasites that are harmful to humans (Sharp, 2007). Food waste may contaminate surface water, soil, air and ecosystems (Rushton, 2003). Most notably, landfill, the most frequent method of disposal, produces significant GHGs (Bogner et al. 2008). The food degrades over a period of years, emitting methane, a CHG that is 21 times more powerful than carbon dioxide (Shin et al. 2005).   Therefore, from this we can start to ascertain that it is possible to reduce the amount of food waste that is sent to landfill sites as this waste is biodegradable. Twenty million tonnes of CO2e emissions are generated from food waste every year.   This equates to around 3% of the UK’s CHG emissions and 6% of its global water footprint (DEFRA, 2011b). Some food waste is not biodegradable such as teabags, bones and banana skins. However, it remains an essential principle to prevent this waste from being sent to landfill sites unnecessarily.   Food waste should be treated in the most sustainable way, minimising GHG emissions and other environmental harm (DEFRA, 2011b). Article 4 of ‘EU Waste Framework Directive’ outlines the five steps for dealing with waste, referred to as the ‘waste hierarchy’. Prevention, the best impact on the environment, is at the top of the hierarchy, then, in descending order, preparing for re-use, recycling, recovery and landfill (Directive 2008/98/EC) (see Figure 2.1). Figure 2.1: Waste hierarchy (based on the EU Directive 2008/98/EC) Segregated waste is the waste that has been removed from the normal waste stream for recycling, composting, anaerobic digestion or landfill. This waste includes both biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste (DEFRA, 2011b). Residual waste refers to the waste left following sorting or waste emanating from purely unsorted waste (such as black bag waste) (DEFRA, 2011b). There are a number of advantages to collecting food waste separately from the refuse stream (WRAP, 2009b): Improving recycling efficiency Reducing waste disposal costs Reducing the environmental harm linked with landfill Reducing CHGs However, despite each of these advantages implementing a food waste system within a university is a complex task.   One must consider a number of drivers for example, how will students and staff react to the introduction of a new waste management system under the guise that it is environmentally beneficial, how often are waste collections required from different areas and how will this be managed to ensure that odours or other factors which may cause different forms of environmental harm do not arise from these operations.   Of course, this does not mean that this is impossible, but a number of issues need to be considered, for example, does the cost of recycling this food waste out weigh the environmental benefits, which may be gained from diverting this from landfill.   One must consider that there are a number of options, which could cause more harm to the environment and be less cost efficient.   For example, if on site composting is to be used, how will this be managed, who will pay for the facilities required, where will the residual waste from the food disposed of be managed.   Or if one was to pay refuse collector to dispose of this waste, would the number of the collections by vehicles increase the overall environmental effects of composting this food waste or not? Therefore, implementing a food waste system, which is environmentally beneficial, is complex.   However, if this is undertaken properly a number of environmental advantages may be realised.   Each of the aforementioned factors need to be carefully considered and a number of calculations need to be performed to seek to ensure that emissions to air and water or land contamination do not arise through the implementation of a composting system.   Therefore, the university needs to consider each of these factors before they decide whether this is an environmentally friendly way, through which waste, which arises from food, may be managed rather than sending it to landfill sites.   In conjunction, with each of these considerations there are also a number of economic factors which need to be consider, these shall now be discussed and critically evaluated in more detail. 3. Economic costs Food waste is excessively high in the UK; each year households in the UK waste over 8 million tonnes of food, which equates to a cost of  £12 billion (costing the average household  £480/year). A further 5 million tonnes are lost in the supply chain, costing  £5 billion annually (Chapagain James, 2011). The National Health Service wasted  £26  million on food wastage alone (Ssentif, 2011). In a rare example, Cornwall primary care trust has implemented a sustainable food waste management program coupled with locally sourced food (Tudor et al. 2008). By adopting prevention, the UK would save combined manufacturing and distribution costs of  £1588/tonne of waste (Lee Willis, 2010) to its food supply chain. Based on that figure alone, it makes economic sense to avoid food wastage both for the private and public sectors.   However, there are a number of factors, which need to be considered before the university decides whether they will be changing the ways in which they dispose of their food waste.  Ã‚   The first of these is related to the potential means through which this new system will be implemented.   Here there are two options to be considered, the first is siting a composting facility on site.   The second of these is to pay a waste disposal contractor to dispose of the waste at their composting plant.   The economic considerations, which need to be considered in regards to both of these options, are how much do they cost?   For example, does the university dispose of enough food waste to justify the initial costs of setting up a composting plant on their site?   Alternatively, is the amount of food waste that they generate a smaller amount, which could be cost effectively, collected by a waste contractor?   Once these questions have been answered, the considerations for each of these two options start to differ considerably. In regards to the first of these options, one must consider whether it is economically viable to set up a composting facility on site, for example what are the potential savings that could be generated from not paying landfill tax and how soon will these be realised?   How much would it cost to set up a new waste management system in the universities halls and food outlets and around the campus?   How much will the plant cost to set up, manage and operate?   Do the costs of these enable a quick pay back, if for example this was done in conjunction with a biomass plant where waste could be used to generate electricity?   What would be the costs of siting this on the campus and how efficient would the plant need to be to achieve optimal savings.   Would the advantages of the cost savings outweigh the disadvantages?   Could this be achieved in other ways, such as working with suppliers to seek to reduce the amount of waste, which is generated? Each of these needs to be caref ully analysed before this option is chosen by the university. Further to this, if a waste contractor were going to be employed by the university to take the waste away, a number of other factors would need to be considered.   These are would the costs of sending this waste to a composting facility be cheaper than sending it to a landfill site.   Most waste contractors work on a pay per weight basis and if most of the food waste is wet, this is heavy.   Therefore, it may cost more per tonne of waste to send this to landfill than it would to a composting facility.   Furthermore, other saving also need to be considered, for example would the university save more money if these were sent to any energy from waste plant?   How many collections would be required per week to seek to ensure that the waste was appropriately managed?   What would the costs of extra collections be when the university hosts functions such as, conferences or graduation week?   Each of these factors needs to be carefully considered.   However, some have said t hat the costs linked with the implementation of food waste collection are negated by savings generated in the reduction of waste collection (ACR, 2009).   This may not be true of all university sites as the cost efficiencies also depend on the size, location or layout of a campus, the number of food outlets or student halls on the campus and the number of students and anticipated volumes of waste that may be derived from foodstuffs.   Therefore, one must carefully not only consider the environmental benefits, which are complex, but they must also seek to ensure that any new waste management system is economically sustainable in the longer term.   The final factor, which needs to be considered by the university in regards to implementing a new waste management system to dispose of food waste, is the socially based. 4. Social costs Food waste prevention is an area of waste prevention where there is little public resistance, with 90% of people being unopposed to the idea of reducing their food waste (WRAP, 2008).   However, this does not mean that they are happy or willing to segregate their waste in practice.   Encouraging both staff and students to properly segregate their food waste from other streams is a complex task.   This is because each individual has their own values and beliefs and often though they say they believe in something, it does not mean that they will act in accordance with these.   Therefore, one of the most important considerations that needs to be taken into account before changing over to a composting system is how are we going to get staff and students to segregate their waste?   How will we sell this idea to them?   Will we use economic, environmental or ethical arguments to seek to change their behaviours?   Each of these groups behaviours, values and attitudes need to b e aligned to seek to successfully implement a new waste management system with a university.   Therefore, this is one crucial factor, which needs to be carefully considered before any changes are implemented in practice and this costs money. Further to this, other considerations arise from the publics feelings of the health risks associated with waste management highlight differences in understanding, education and underlying social values (Vrijheid et al. 2002).   This is another challenge, which needs to be carefully considered before the new waste management system is implemented.   Factors such as, the siting of waste receptacles or plant, how the waste is stored ore how often it is collected also need to be considered.   This is because if they are not issues such as, complaints about odours, increased visits from pest e.g. foxes or rats, noise from the collection vehicles or the composting plant, the appearance of waste that has been insufficiently stored or left for too long could all cause serious social problems for the university or result in legal action being taken by the local authorities.   Therefore, each of these factors needs to be carefully considered to seek to ensure that the risks of each of these problems arising are mitigated as much as possible. Conclusion Food waste is an intrinsic part of the economy. It is, in effect, a result of economic activity produced by businesses, government and homes. The management of this waste has economic implication. Reducing bio-waste is an important target of the UK government. The ‘Waste Strategy 2007’ for England identifies food waste as a key aim, thereby reducing landfills for local authorities. The ‘Waste Emissions Trading Act’, ‘Landfill Allowance Schemes’ and the ‘EC Landfill Directive’ include key objectives that encourage local authorities to utilise environmentally friendly means of processing food waste or face financial penalties. Our strategy uses ‘price penetration’ strategy. Our service will be of good quality, but initially would not stand out as superior against competing compost services. However, our initial service charges will be low to undercut any rival competitors, thereby penetrating the marketplace. The evidence highlights the fact that a large percentage of local authorities in the UK are implementing food waste collections. Additionally, educating householders on their responsibility to the environment is critical in changing public attitudes to food waste. Half of all landfill site complaints relate to their odours. There is, additionally, conflicting evidence on the health effects of living within proximity to a landfill site. Evidence suggests that living within proximity it may also negatively impact on house prices. However, the public’s normally positive behaviour, even in those aware of the positive impact, may change should a compost plant be constructed in their neighbourhood. References ACR+ Municipal Waste in Europe Towards a European Recycling Society’. Victoires Editions. 2009. ISBN: 978-2-35113-049-0. Print Bogner J, Pipatti R Hashimoto S (2008). 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